MathScore EduFighter is one of the best math games on the Internet today. You can start playing for free!
Ontario Math Standards - 2nd Grade
MathScore aligns to the Ontario Math Standards for 2nd Grade. The standards appear below along with the MathScore topics that match. If you click on a topic name, you will see sample problems at varying degrees of difficulty that MathScore generated. When students use our program, the difficulty of the problems will automatically adapt based on individual performance, resulting in not only true differentiated instruction, but a challenging game-like experience.
Want unlimited math worksheets? Learn more about our online math practice software.
View the Ontario Math Standards at other levels.
Number Sense and Numeration
Overall ExpectationsBy the end of Grade 2, students will:
• read, represent, compare, and order whole numbers to 100, and use concrete materials to represent fractions and money amounts to 100¢; (Counting Squares , Number Comparison , Order Numbers to 1000 , Fraction Pictures )
• demonstrate an understanding of magnitude by counting forward to 200 and backwards from 50, using multiples of various numbers as starting points; (Skip Counting )
• solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of one- and two-digit whole numbers, using a variety of strategies, and investigate multiplication and division. (Fast Addition , Fast Addition Reverse , Fast Subtraction , Missing Term , Basic Word Problems , Understanding Multiplication , Understanding Division , Mixed Addition and Subtraction , Addition Grouping , Long Addition to 1000 )
Specific Expectations
Quantity Relationships
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- represent, compare, and order whole numbers to 100, including money amounts to 100¢, using a variety of tools (e.g., ten frames, base ten materials, coin manipulatives, number lines, hundreds charts and hundreds carpets); (Counting Squares , Number Comparison , Order Numbers to 1000 )
- read and print in words whole numbers to twenty, using meaningful contexts (e.g., storybooks, posters, signs); (Place Value to 1000 )
- compose and decompose two-digit numbers in a variety of ways, using concrete materials (e.g., place 42 counters on ten frames to show 4 tens and 2 ones; compose 37¢ using one quarter, one dime, and two pennies) (Sample problem: Use base ten blocks to show 60 in different ways.);
- determine, using concrete materials, the ten that is nearest to a given two-digit number, and justify the answer (e.g., use counters on ten frames to determine that 47 is closer to 50 than to 40); (Rounding Numbers )
- determine, through investigation using concrete materials, the relationship between the number of fractional parts of a whole and the size of the fractional parts (e.g., a paper plate divided into fourths has larger parts than a paper plate divided into eighths) (Sample problem: Use paper squares to show which is bigger, one half of a square or one fourth of a square.); (Requires outside materials )
- regroup fractional parts into wholes, using concrete materials (e.g., combine nine fourths to form two wholes and one fourth); (Requires outside materials )
- compare fractions using concrete materials, without using standard fractional notation (e.g., use fraction pieces to show that three fourths are bigger than one half, but smaller than one whole); (Basic Fraction Comparison , Fraction Comparison )
- estimate, count, and represent (using the ¢ symbol) the value of a collection of coins with a maximum value of one dollar.
Counting
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- count forward by 1's, 2's, 5's, 10's, and 25's to 200, using number lines and hundreds charts, starting from multiples of 1, 2, 5, and 10 (e.g., count by 5's from 15; count by 25's from 125); (Skip Counting , Skip Counting 2 )
- count backwards by 1's from 50 and any number less than 50, and count backwards by 10's from 100 and any number less than 100, using number lines and hundreds charts (Sample problem: Count backwards from 87 on a hundreds carpet, and describe any patterns you see.);
- locate whole numbers to 100 on a number line and on a partial number line (e.g., locate 37 on a partial number line that goes from 34 to 41).
Operational Sense
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of whole numbers to 18, using a variety of mental strategies (e.g.,"To add 6 + 8, I could double 6 and get 12 and then add 2 more to get 14."); (Fast Addition , Fast Addition Reverse , Fast Subtraction , Missing Term , Basic Word Problems , Mixed Addition and Subtraction )
- describe relationships between quantities by using whole-number addition and subtraction (e.g.,"If you ate 7 grapes and I ate 12 grapes, I can say that I ate 5 more grapes than you did, or you ate 5 fewer grapes than I did."); (Basic Word Problems )
- represent and explain, through investigation using concrete materials and drawings, multiplication as the combining of equal groups (e.g., use counters to show that 3 groups of 2 is equal to 2 + 2 + 2 and to 3 x 2); (Understanding Multiplication )
- represent and explain, through investigation using concrete materials and drawings, division as the sharing of a quantity equally (e.g.,"I can share 12 carrot sticks equally among 4 friends by giving each person 3 carrot sticks."); (Understanding Division )
- solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers, with and without regrouping, using concrete materials (e.g., base ten materials, counters), student-generated algorithms, and standard algorithms; (Long Addition to 1000 , Basic Addition to 1000 , Basic Subtraction to 1000 , Long Subtraction to 1000 )
- add and subtract money amounts to 100¢, using a variety of tools (e.g., concrete materials, drawings) and strategies (e.g., counting on, estimating, representing using symbols).
Measurement
Overall ExpectationsBy the end of Grade 2, students will:
• estimate, measure, and record length, perimeter, area, mass, capacity, time, and temperature, using non-standard units and standard units;
• compare, describe, and order objects, using attributes measured in non-standard units and standard units.
Specific Expectations
Attributes, Units, and Measurement Sense
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- choose benchmarks - in this case, personal referents - for a centimetre and a metre (e.g.,"My little finger is about as wide as one centimetre. A really big step is about one metre.") to help them perform measurement tasks;
- estimate and measure length, height, and distance, using standard units (i.e., centimetre, metre) and non-standard units;
- record and represent measurements of length, height, and distance in a variety of ways (e.g., written, pictorial, concrete) (Sample problem: Investigate how the steepness of a ramp affects the distance an object travels. Use cash-register tape for recording distances.);
- select and justify the choice of a standard unit (i.e., centimetre or metre) or a nonstandard unit to measure length (e.g., "I needed a fast way to check that the two teams would race the same distance, so I used paces.");
- estimate, measure, and record the distance around objects, using non-standard units (Sample problem: Measure around several different doll beds using string, to see which bed is the longest around.); (Requires outside materials )
- estimate, measure, and record area, through investigation using a variety of non-standard units (e.g., determine the number of yellow pattern blocks it takes to cover an outlined shape) (Sample problem: Cover your desk with index cards in more than one way. See if the number of index cards needed stays the same each time.);
- estimate, measure, and record the capacity and/or mass of an object, using a variety of non-standard units (e.g.,"I used the pan balance and found that the stapler has the same mass as my pencil case.");
- tell and write time to the quarter-hour, using demonstration digital and analogue clocks (e.g.,"My clock shows the time recess will start [10:00], and my friend's clock shows the time recess will end [10:15]."); (Telling Time )
- construct tools for measuring time intervals in non-standard units (e.g., a particular bottle of water takes about five seconds to empty); (Requires outside materials )
- describe how changes in temperature affect everyday experiences (e.g., the choice of clothing to wear);
- use a standard thermometer to determine whether temperature is rising or falling (e.g., the temperature of water, air).
Measurement Relationships
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- describe, through investigation, the relationship between the size of a unit of area and the number of units needed to cover a surface (Sample problem: Compare the numbers of hexagon pattern blocks and triangle pattern blocks needed to cover the same book.);
- compare and order a collection of objects by mass and/or capacity, using non-standard units (e.g.,"The coffee can holds more sand than the soup can, but the same amount as the small pail.");
- determine, through investigation, the relationship between days and weeks and between months and years. (Time Conversion )
Geometry and Spatial Sense
Overall ExpectationsBy the end of Grade 2, students will:
• identify two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional figures and sort and classify them by their geometric properties; (Geometric Shapes )
• compose and decompose two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional figures;
• describe and represent the relative locations of objects, and represent objects on a map.
Specific Expectations
Geometric Properties
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- distinguish between the attributes of an object that are geometric properties (e.g., number of sides, number of faces) and the attributes that are not geometric properties (e.g., colour, size, texture), using a variety of tools (e.g., attribute blocks, geometric solids, connecting cubes);
- identify and describe various polygons (i.e., triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons,hexagons, heptagons, octagons) and sort and classify them by their geometric properties (i.e., number of sides or number of vertices), using concrete materials and pictorial representations (e.g.,"I put all the figures with five or more vertices in one group, and all the figures with fewer than five vertices in another group."); (Geometric Shapes , Polygon Names )
- identify and describe various threedimensional figures (i.e., cubes, prisms, pyramids) and sort and classify them by their geometric properties (i.e., number and shape of faces), using concrete materials (e.g.,"I separated the figures that have square faces from the ones that don't.");
- create models and skeletons of prisms and pyramids, using concrete materials (e.g., cardboard; straws and modelling clay), and describe their geometric properties (i.e., number and shape of faces, number of edges); (Requires outside materials )
- locate the line of symmetry in a twodimensional shape (e.g., by paper folding; by using a Mira).
Geometric Relationships
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- compose and describe pictures, designs, and patterns by combining two-dimensional shapes (e.g.,"I made a picture of a flower from one hexagon and six equilateral triangles.");
- compose and decompose two-dimensional shapes (Sample problem: Use Power Polygons to show if you can compose a rectangle from two triangles of different sizes.);
- cover an outline puzzle with twodimensional shapes in more than one way;
- build a structure using three-dimensional figures, and describe the two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional figures in the structure (e.g.,"I used a box that looks like a triangular prism to build the roof of my house."). (Requires outside materials )
Location and Movement
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- describe the relative locations (e.g., beside, two steps to the right of ) and the movements of objects on a map (e.g.,"The path shows that he walked around the desk, down the aisle, and over to the window.");
- draw simple maps of familiar settings, and describe the relative locations of objects on the maps (Sample problem: Draw a map of the classroom, showing the locations of the different pieces of furniture.); (Requires outside materials )
- create and describe symmetrical designs using a variety of tools (e.g., pattern blocks, tangrams, paper and pencil).
Patterning and Algebra
Overall ExpectationsBy the end of Grade 2, students will:
• identify, describe, extend, and create repeating patterns, growing patterns, and shrinking patterns; (Patterns: Numbers , Patterns: Shapes )
• demonstrate an understanding of the concept of equality between pairs of expressions, using concrete materials, symbols, and addition and subtraction to 18. (Fast Addition , Fast Addition Reverse , Fast Subtraction , Missing Term , Mixed Addition and Subtraction )
Specific Expectations
Patterns and Relationships
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- identify and describe, through investigation, growing patterns and shrinking patterns generated by the repeated addition or subtraction of 1's, 2's, 5's, 10's, and 25's on a number line and on a hundreds chart (e.g., the numbers 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 are in a straight line on a hundreds chart); (Skip Counting , Skip Counting 2 )
- identify, describe, and create, through investigation, growing patterns and shrinking patterns involving addition and subtraction, with and without the use of calculators (e.g., 3 + 1 = 4, 3 + 2 = 5, 3 + 3 = 6, …); (Patterns: Numbers )
- identify repeating, growing, and shrinking patterns found in real-life contexts (e.g., a geometric pattern on wallpaper, a rhythm pattern in music, a number pattern when counting dimes);
- represent a given growing or shrinking pattern in a variety of ways (e.g., using pictures, actions, colours, sounds, numbers, letters, number lines, bar graphs) (Sample problem: Show the letter pattern A,AA, AAA,AAAA, … by clapping or hopping.);
- create growing or shrinking patterns (Sample problem: Create a shrinking pattern using cut-outs of pennies and/or nickels, starting with 20 cents.);
- create a repeating pattern by combining two attributes (e.g., colour and shape; colour and size) (Sample problem: Use attribute blocks to make a train that shows a repeating pattern involving two attributes.);
- demonstrate, through investigation, an understanding that a pattern results from repeating an operation (e.g., addition, subtraction) or making a repeated change to an attribute (e.g., colour, orientation). (Patterns: Numbers , Patterns: Shapes )
Expressions and Equality
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- demonstrate an understanding of the concept of equality by partitioning whole numbers to 18 in a variety of ways, using concrete materials (e.g., starting with 9 tiles and adding 6 more tiles gives the same result as starting with 10 tiles and adding 5 more tiles);
- represent, through investigation with concrete materials and pictures, two number expressions that are equal, using the equal sign (e.g.,"I can break a train of 10 cubes into 4 cubes and 6 cubes. I can also break 10 cubes into 7 cubes and 3 cubes. This means 4 + 6 = 7 + 3.");
- determine the missing number in equations involving addition and subtraction to 18, using a variety of tools and strategies (e.g., modelling with concrete materials, using guess and check with and without the aid of a calculator) (Sample problem: Use counters to determine the missing number in the equation 6 + 7 = [] + 5.); (Missing Term )
- identify, through investigation, and use the commutative property of addition (e.g., create a train of 10 cubes by joining 4 red cubes to 6 blue cubes, or by joining 6 blue cubes to 4 red cubes) to facilitate computation with whole numbers (e.g., "I know that 9 + 8 + 1 = 9 + 1 + 8. Adding becomes easier because that gives 10 + 8 = 18."); (Addition Grouping , Commutative Property 1 )
- identify, through investigation, the properties of zero in addition and subtraction (i.e., when you add zero to a number, the number does not change; when you subtract zero from a number, the number does not change).
Data Management and Probability
Overall ExpectationsBy the end of Grade 2, students will:
• collect and organize categorical or discrete primary data and display the data, using tally charts, concrete graphs, pictographs, line plots, simple bar graphs, and other graphic organizers, with labels ordered appropriately along horizontal axes, as needed;
• read and describe primary data presented in tally charts, concrete graphs, pictographs, line plots, simple bar graphs, and other graphic organizers; (Tally and Pictographs , Bar Graphs )
• describe probability in everyday situations and simple games.
Specific Expectations
Collection and Organization of Data
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- demonstrate an ability to organize objects into categories, by sorting and classifying objects using two attributes simultaneously (e.g., sort attribute blocks by colour and shape at the same time);
- gather data to answer a question, using a simple survey with a limited number of responses (e.g.,What is your favourite season?; How many letters are in your first name?); (Requires outside materials )
- collect and organize primary data (e.g., data collected by the class) that is categorical or discrete (i.e., that can be counted, such as the number of students absent), and display the data using one-to-one correspondence in concrete graphs, pictographs, line plots, simple bar graphs, and other graphic organizers (e.g., tally charts, diagrams), with appropriate titles and labels and with labels ordered appropriately along horizontal axes, as needed (Sample problem: Record the number of times that specific words are used in a simple rhyme or poem.). (Requires outside materials )
Data Relationships
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- read primary data presented in concrete graphs, pictographs, line plots, simple bar graphs, and other graphic organizers (e.g., tally charts, diagrams), and describe the data using mathematical language (e.g.,"Our bar graph shows that 4 more students walk to school than take the bus."); (Tally and Pictographs , Bar Graphs )
- pose and answer questions about classgenerated data in concrete graphs, pictographs, line plots, simple bar graphs, and tally charts (e.g.,Which is the least favourite season?); (Tally and Pictographs , Bar Graphs )
- distinguish between numbers that represent data values (e.g.,"I have 4 people in my family.") and numbers that represent the frequency of an event (e.g.,"There are 10 children in my class who have 4 people in their family.");
- demonstrate an understanding of data displayed in a graph (e.g., by telling a story, by drawing a picture), by comparing different parts of the data and by making statements about the data as a whole (e.g., "I looked at the graph that shows how many students were absent each month. More students were away in January than in September."). (Tally and Pictographs , Bar Graphs )
Probability
By the end of Grade 2, students will:
- describe probability as a measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, using mathematical language (i.e., impossible, unlikely, less likely, equally likely, more likely, certain) (e.g.,"If I take a new shoe out of a box without looking, it's equally likely that I will pick the left shoe or the right shoe.");
- describe the probability that an event will occur (e.g., getting heads when tossing a coin, landing on red when spinning a spinner), through investigation with simple games and probability experiments and using mathematical language (e.g., "I tossed 2 coins at the same time, to see how often I would get 2 heads. I found that getting a head and a tail was more likely than getting 2 heads.") (Sample problem: Describe the probability of spinning red when you spin a spinner that has one half shaded yellow, one fourth shaded blue, and one fourth shaded red. Experiment with the spinner to see if the results are what you expected.).
Learn more about our online math practice software.
|
"MathScore works."
- John Cradler, Educational Technology Expert |
